Typology of Bali Madya Residential Buildings and Its Relationship with Green Open Spaces

Abstract

Open spaces are an important component of Balinese residential environments, where spatial organization is closely related to cultural values and environmental responses. In the Bali Madya spatial pattern, residential buildings are arranged as separate masses connected by open spaces, creating relationships between indoor and outdoor areas. This study aims to identify the typology of open and semi-open spaces in Bali Madya residential buildings and examine their relationship with building configuration and natural ventilation. A qualitative approach was employed using purposive sampling, architectural observation, field documentation, environmental measurements, and literature review. The analysis focused on building mass configuration, orientation, wall openings, open-space characteristics, and relationships with the natah. The findings show that bale daja, bale dangin, bale dauh, and bale delod retain open or semi-open spaces that function as transitional areas, accommodate activities, and facilitate airflow and daylight. Thus, open space is an integral element of Bali Madya architecture.